Isidingo samasistimu e-warehouse siyakhuphuka kukho konke ukukhiqiza, ukudayisa, imithi, ukudla, i-cold chain,{0}}ukuphathwa kwenkampani yangaphandle, neminye imikhakha lapho ukusebenza kwe-warehouse kuxhunyaniswe eduze kakhulu nemiphumela yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Ngenkathi ubuchwepheshe obuqondile namacala ebhizinisi ehluka ngokwemboni, abashayeli bezidingo eziyisisekelo baya ngokuya bavumelana.
Omunye wabashayeli abanamandla ukucindezela kwabasebenzi. Izindlu zokugcina impahla zisathembele kakhulu emsebenzini wezandla ophindaphindwayo ukuze kuthuthwe, kugcinwe, kugcwaliswe kabusha, kuthathwe futhi kudluliselwe ngaphakathi. Ezikhungweni ezibhekene nokushoda kwabasebenzi, inzuzo ephezulu, amashifu amaningi, noma ukuphakama kwesizini, lezi zinqubo zingaba nzima ukukala ngendlela ezinzile. I-automation ayilisusi indima yabantu, kodwa inganciphisa ukuncika emachibini amakhulu abasebenzi ukuze iphindeke imisebenzi yokuphatha futhi iguqule umsebenzi womuntu uye ekugadweni, ekuphathweni okuhlukile, ekuxhumaneni nasekunakekeleni.
Umshayeli wesibili yi- throughput pressure. Izindawo zokugcina izimpahla namuhla kulindeleke ukuthi zenze okungaphezu kwempahla yasezitolo. Kumelwe zisekele ukugcwaliswa kabusha okusheshayo, imijikelezo ye-oda emifushane, ukuhlukahluka okukhulu kwe-SKU, nokugeleza okuvamile okungenayo nokuphumayo. Emisebenzini eminingi, ukuhleleka{3}}ukukhula komugqa kudala ingcindezi enkulu kunokukhula kwevolumu ephelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inqolobane ayidingi umthamo kuphela, kodwa futhi nokugeleza kwangaphakathi okulawulwa kakhulu kanye nokufinyelela okusheshayo kumpahla. Amasistimu we-warehouse azenzakalelayo asiza ukubhekana nalokhu ngokunciphisa ukuhamba okungadingekile, ukusekela ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo, nokuthuthukisa ukulandelana kokugeleza phakathi kwezinqubo.
Ukunemba kwe-inventory nokubonakala nakho kuba yizici eziyinhloko zokutshala izimali. Emisebenzini yesimanje ye-warehouse, izinqumo ziya ngokuya zincika{1}kudatha yesikhathi sangempela. Amasistimu azenzakalelayo ngokuvamile ahlanganiswa ne-WMS, i-WCS, ukuhlonza ibhakhodi, izinzwa, noma izilawuli ezisuselwe kokubona{3}ezirekhoda ukunyakaza kwempahla kanye nesimo sokwenza ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukunemba kwendawo, ukulandeleka, kanye nokusabela okuhlukile. Emikhakheni enezimfuneko eziqinile zokulawula noma zekhwalithi, ezifana nemithi, ukudla, izinto zikagesi, kanye nokukhiqiza okuthuthukile, lawa makhono ngokuvamile abalulekile kunokuzikhethela.
Esinye isici esibangela isidingo ukusetshenziswa kwendawo. Ezifundeni eziningi, izindleko zendawo yokugcina izimpahla, ukwakhiwa, kanye nezinsiza ziyaqhubeka nokuba nomthelela endleleni izinkampani ezihlela ngayo umthamo wesikhungo. Ukwandisa indawo yesakhiwo akusona isixazululo esisebenza kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngenxa yalokho, amabhizinisi amaningi abheka izinhlelo zokugcina ezizenzakalelayo njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-cube nokwandisa ukuminyana kwesitoreji ngaphakathi kwesayithi elifanayo. -I-bay AS/RS ephezulu,{5}}isitoreji esisekelwe{5}}esisekelwe ku-shuttle, kanye nempahla-kuya{7}}kumasistimu omuntu kungasiza ukusebenzisa isikhala esime mpo ngempumelelo kakhudlwana futhi kunciphise ukungasebenzi kahle okuhlobene nama-aisles abanzi kanye nezakhiwo ezingaphansi{8}}eziminyana.
Izidingo zesevisi nazo ziyashintsha. Abasebenzisi bokugcina namakhasimende ebhizinisi baqhubeka belindele izikhathi zokuhola ezimfushane, ukunemba kwe-oda eliphezulu, nokusebenza okuthembekile kokugcwalisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukubekezelela amaphutha okubulala kuyancipha. Izindlu zokugcina izimpahla ezenziwe ngezandla zingahlangabezana nalokhu okulindelwe kuze kufike eqophelweni elithile, kodwa ukuhlukahluka kuthanda ukwanda njengoba ukuxubana komkhiqizo nokuhleleka kobunzima bukhuphuka. Amasistimu e-warehouse azenzakalelayo asiza ukudala izikhathi zenqubo ezibikezelwa kakhudlwana kanye nokwenziwa okulinganiselwe kakhudlwana, okungase kusekele ukungaguquguquki okungcono kwesevisi kuyo yonke imisebenzi yansuku zonke kanye nezikhathi eziphezulu.
I-scalability isibe esinye isizathu esikhulu sokwenyuka kwesidingo. Emisebenzini ekhula ngokushesha-, ukugeleza komsebenzi okwenziwa mathupha kuvame ukudinga ukuklanywa kabusha okuphindaphindiwe njengoba imiqulu ikhula. Ama-forklift amaningi, izindawo zokulondoloza zesikhashana ezengeziwe, izindlela zokukhetha ezengeziwe, nokuxhumana okwengeziwe kwabasebenzi kungase kuxazulule{3}}izinkinga zesikhathi esifushane, kodwa futhi zingangeza inkimbinkimbi yokusebenza. Amasistimu azenzakalelayo anikeza indlela yokukala ehleleke kakhudlwana. Ezinye izixazululo zinganwetshwa ngamarobhothi engeziwe, ezinye ngokusebenzisa amaphasishi amaningi, izindawo zokugcina, amaleveli e-shuttle, noma iziteshi zokusebenza. Le modularity yenza okuzenzakalelayo kusebenze ngokuqhubekayo hhayi ezinsizeni ezinkulu kakhulu kuphela, kodwa nasekuhleleni imisebenzi{7}}enosayizi ophakathi nendawo ukuhlela ukunwetshwa kwezigaba.
Ukuqina nakho kudlala indima enkulu ekukhuleni kwesidingo. I-automation ye-warehouse kwakuxoxwa ngayo ikakhulukazi mayelana nokukhiqiza kanye nokunciphisa abasebenzi. Namuhla, izinkampani eziningi nazo zikubheka njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kokusebenza ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwabasebenzi, ukushintsha kwezidingo, kanye nengcindezi yesevisi. Amasistimu azenzakalelayo angenza ukusebenza kube lula ukugadwa ngoba idatha yokunyakaza, izisetshenziswa zemishini, ukuqhubeka komsebenzi, nokuhlukile kuthwetshulwa ngokuhlelekile kakhulu. Lokhu kuvumela ama-opharetha ukuthi abone izingqinamba kusenesikhathi futhi alondoloze ukulawula okungcono phakathi kosuku-kuya{5}}nosuku lokwenziwa.
Isizathu esengeziwe isidingo siyakhula ukuthi i-automation isisebenziseka kalula. Akuyona yonke indawo yokugcina impahla edinga iphrojekthi ye-greenfield ezenzakalelayo. Izinkampani eziningi manje zikhetha ukwenza izinto ezizenzakalelayo, zigxile kuqala ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho inani lokusebenza licace kakhudlwana. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise isitoreji esiminyene, ukunyakaza kwe-pallet okuphindaphindiwe, ukuthutha kwangaphakathi, ukuhlunga, izimpahla-kuya{4}}kubantu, noma ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe okuthuthukisa i-orchestration nokubonakala. Lokhu kwenza i-automation ifinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi kube lula ukuqondanisa nezinto ezibalulekile ezibalulekile ekutshalweni kwezimali.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda ukuthi isidingo sezinhlelo ze-warehouse ezizenzakalelayo asiqhutshwa inhloso eyodwa. Izinkampani eziningi azitshali imali ukuze zinciphise abasebenzi kuphela. Basabela eqoqweni elibanzi lezingcindezi ezihlanganisa ukuphuma komsebenzi, ukulawulwa kwempahla, ukwethembeka kwesevisi, izingqinamba zesikhala,{2}nokulinganisa kwesikhathi eside. Ezimweni eziningi, isimo sebhizinisi siba namandla kakhulu lapho lezi zici zihlolwa ndawonye esikhundleni sokuhlukaniswa.
Sekukonke, ukukhuphuka kwesidingo sezinhlelo ze-warehouse ezizenzakalelayo kukhombisa ushintsho lwesakhiwo endaweni uqobo. I-warehouse ayisabhekwa njengomsebenzi wesitoreji ongenzi lutho. Iya ngokuya ithathwa njengengxenye esebenzayo,{2}}eqhutshwa idatha, kanye nokusebenza{3}}okuyingxenye ebalulekile ye-supply chain. Njengoba leyo ndima ikhula, isidingo semisebenzi ye-warehouse eyengeziwe, ebonakalayo, kanye neyingozi kakhulu ingase iqhubeke nokukhula.
